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Wednesday, January 3, 2018

Introduction
firewalld (firewall demaon) is firewall management tool to manage firewall. it is frontend controller for iptables. it is used to implement persistence traffic rules.

It is available in Command Line as well as Graphical Interface.

Note : It is not replacement of iptables, while it is wrapper of iptables, and provide flexibility to manage iptables.

firewalld architecture

Installing and Managing firewalld

By default firewalld included with CentOS 8 / Redhat 8 / CentOS 7 / RedHat 7,but if it is not installed then we can installed it by following yum / dnf command.

$ sudo yum -y install firewalld

firewalld have two tools
1. Graphical -> firewall-config
2. Command Line -> firewall-cmd

Difference between ip*tables and firewalld

iptables stores configuration in /etc/sysconfig/iptables and /etc/sysconfig/ip6tables while firewalld store it in various xml files in /usr/lib/firewalld/ and /etc/firewalld/

with iptables service, every single change means flusing all the old rule and reading all new rule from /etc/sysconfig/iptables,while with firewalld there is no recreating of all the rules.

To Start the firewalld

$ sudo systemctl start firewalld

To enable firewalld - enable firewalld at boot time

$ sudo systemctl enable firewalld

To Stop and disable firewalld

$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld
$ sudo systemctl disable firewalld

To Check firewalld status

$ firewall-cmd --state
running

To view status of firewall daemon

$ systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-01-02 10:27:26 IST; 1 day 2h ago

     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

 Main PID: 1081 (firewalld)

   CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service

           └─1081 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid



Jan 02 10:27:26 dev.driveo.in systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...

Jan 02 10:27:26 dev.driveo.in systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

To reload firewall configuration

$ firewall-cmd --reload

Configuration of firewalld

firewalld is configured with xml files.

configuration files are located in two directories :

/usr/lib/firewalld - hold default configuration , like default zones and common services. Avoid updating them because these files are updated each time when firewalld package update
/etc/firewalld - hold system configuration file. these file overwritten default configuration.

Configuration set

firewalld has two configuration sets : runtime and permanent.

runtime - configurations are volatile in nature at reboot it changed. runtime is default.

permanent - it persistence configuration not change after reboot.

Add rule to permanent or runtime

1 Permanent

$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent

2. Runtime

$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http

reload firewalld

reload command drop all runtime configuration

sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Firewall zones

zones are pre-constructed rule sets for various trust level . After enabling firewalld first time public is default zone.

zones can be applied different network interface cards.

Any incoming network packets are dropped; there is no reply. Only outgoing network connections are possible.
block: Any incoming network connections are rejected with an icmp-host-prohibited message for IPv4 and icmp6-adm-prohibited for IPv6. Only network connections initiated from within the system are possible.
public: For use in public areas. You do not trust the other computers on the network to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
external: For use on external networks with masquerading enabled, especially for routers. You do not trust the other computers on the network to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
dmz: For computers in your demilitarized zone that are publicly-accessible with limited access to your internal network. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
work: For use in work areas. You mostly trust the other computers on networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
home: For use in home areas. You mostly trust the other computers on networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
internal: For use on internal networks. You mostly trust the other computers on the networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
trusted: All network connections are accepted.; The zone names and settings are proposals and can be changed according to the needs. A built-in zone cannot be removed, but it is possible to revert the zone configuration back to the initial defaults by loading the zone defaults either in the permanent configuration of firewall-config or firewall-cmd

To view default zones

sudo fiewall-cmd --get-default-zone

To set default zones

sudo firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=dmz

To view zones used by network interface card

sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zone

To get all the configuration for a specific zone

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all

To get all the configuration for all zones

sudo firewall-cmd --list-all-zones

Predefined Services

A service can be a list of local ports, protocols, source ports, and destinations as well as a list of firewall helper modules automatically loaded if a service is enabled.

To list all services available on the system, enter the following command:

~]$ firewall-cmd --get-services

To get the settings of a service, use the following command:

~]$ firewall-cmd --info-service=service-name

we can also view available list of services by accessing /usr/lib/firewalld/services directory.

Note : /usr/lib/firewalld/services/ directory must not be edited. only the file inside /etc/firewalld/services should be edited.

Services can be add or edited by firewall-cmd , firewall-offline-cmd, firewall-config tools. alternatively we can edit /etc/firewalld/services/ xml files.

enter the following command to add a new and empty service:

~]$ firewall-cmd --permanent --new-service=service-name

To add a new service using a local file, use the following command:

~]$ firewall-cmd --permanent --new-service-from-file=service-name.xml

As soon as service settings are changed, an updated copy of the service is placed into /etc/firewalld/services/. 
As root, you can enter the following command to copy a service manually

~]# cp /usr/lib/firewalld/services/service-name.xml /etc/firewalld/services/service-name.xml

firewalld loads files from /usr/lib/firewalld/services in the first place. If files are placed in /etc/firewalld/services and they are valid, then these will override the matching files from /usr/lib/firewalld/services. The overriden files in /usr/lib/firewalld/services will be used as soon as the matching files in /etc/firewalld/services have been removed or if firewalld
 has been asked to load the defaults of the services. This applies to 
the permanent environment only. A reload is needed to get these 
fallbacks also in the runtime environment.

Configuring firewalld

firewall service can be configured by firewall-cmd ,firewall-config or firewall-offline-cmd or by editing xml configuration files.

1. firewall-config - it is graphical tool.

to start graphical interface enter following command.

$ firewall-config

Firewall configuration window open, note this command can be run as normal user but administrator password asked for validation.

Tuesday, January 2, 2018

Configure EC2 CentOS 7 instance for running JAVA Applications, Also Connect Tomcat and Apace with mod_jk

Prerequisites

Knowledge of creating EC2 instance.

Configure CentOS 7

STEP 1 :
Launch terminal of CentOS EC2 instance by using private key file.

Note : Private key file publicly not visible. set it

chmod 400 <privatekeyfile>

connect terminal by using

ssh -i <path to privatekeyfile/privatekeyfile.pem> centos@<elasticIP>

or
ssh -i <path to privatekeyfile/privatekeyfile.pem> centos@<public dns>

Note 2 : You can get this information By Clicking on connect button of ec2 instance web console

Note 3 :

Information about connection

STEP 1 : $ sudo yum -y update

Step 2 : Download latest version or required version of jdk

$ wget --no-check-certificate -c --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/9.0.1+11/jdk-9.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

Step 3 : extract tar file in your software installation directory , I preferred /opt

$ tar -xvzf jdk-9.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz --strip-component=1 -C /opt/

if we don't want to extract jdk tar file /opt directory then we can extact it other place and create a soft link by using following command

$ ln -s <place where jdk is extracted> /opt/java-latest

it create a directory inside /opt name java-latest

Step 4 : Configure PATH and CLASSPATH Variable

if we required system wide change then we use /etc/profile file otherwise we ~/.bash_profile

########JAVA Enviornment Variable ########

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java-latest

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

Step 5 : test JAVA

$ java

$ javac

Step 6 : If more than one java version is install then we can alternatives command to set current version.

Step 7 : install apache

$ yum -y update
$yum -y install httpd

Step 8 Install tomcat

Create Tomcat User and group - which will be used to run tomcat services
First we create new tomcat group
$ sudo groupadd tomcat
now we create tomcat user with home directory where we installed tomcat and with shell /bin/false(so nobody can login this account)
$ sudo useradd -g tomcat <-G secondary group if required> -d <where tomcat is extracted i.e. tomcat home directory> -s /bin/false tomcat
we can check result of above command in for user /etc/passwd and for group /etc/group
Now we download tomcat latest version using wget
extract tomcat
$ tar -xvzf <path to file> --strip-component =1 -C /opt/tomcat-latest
now setup permissions

sudo chgrp -R tomcat conf
sudo chmod g+rwx conf
sudo chmod g+r conf/*

now made tomcat user owner of work , temp ,logs, and webapps directories

sudo chown -R tomcat /work /temp /logs /webapps

configure tomcat-user.xml for login

create user name and password in it

create auto run service in centos 7 in /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

# Systemd unit file for tomcat
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

Environment=JAVA_HOME=/opt/java-latest/
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/var/lib/tomcat8/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/var/lib/tomcat8
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/var/lib/tomcat8
Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC'
Environment='JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom'

ExecStart=/var/lib/tomcat8/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/bin/kill -15 $MAINPID

User=tomcat
Group=tomcat

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

reload systemd to load tomcat unit file

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload

now we can start tomcat services with systemctl command

$ systemctl start tomcat
$systemctl stop tomcat
$systemctl restart tomcat

auto run tomcat

$systemctl enable tomcat

Deploy war file by using web console of tomcat or copy war to webapps directory

Crontab

To restart tomcat8 when it's not running, I set a cron job running /var/lib/tomcat8/cron/launch.sh as root:

#!/bin/bash

ps -ef | grep catalina.startup.Bootstrap | grep -v grep > /dev/null
if [ $? != 0 ]
then
   echo "tomcat is not running..."
   systemctl start tomcat > /dev/null
else
   echo "tomcat is running..."
fi

Cron runs every minute:

[root@sf ~]# crontab -e
* * * * * /var/lib/tomcat8/cron/launch.sh

Now Connect Apache and tomcat with mod_jk

Monday, January 1, 2018

How to run command after closing terminal

Sometime we required to run some services, if we disconnect terminal they run continually.

This is very simple use & at the end of command.

$ java - jar product.jar &

this will run product.jar after disconnecting terminal

Write Trigger in Microsoft SQL SERVER

Recently i got a project where client use Shoper as POS and HO for managing its sales and purchase. I need to fetch Order along with customer details.

Shoper database in sql server, but it has no relationship among table. My database is one to many relationship between customer and order.

So I write a trigger , When new record inserted in shopper table i fetch this records and insert it into my database after selecting all the desire attribute.

create Trigger customerAudit on stktrndtls

After Insert

Declare @TrnCtrlNo varchar(10);

declare @DocNoPrefix varchar(10);

declare @DocEntNetValue varchar(10);

declare @DocDt datetime;

declare @DocEntTotDisc varchar(10);

declare @StockNo varchar(32);

declare @OrdDocNo int;

declare @DocNo varchar(10);

declare @DiscRate varchar(10);--money

declare @VACompCode varchar(10);

declare @ItemMRPBillTm varchar(10);--money

declare @PhyQtyOut varchar(3);

declare @StkUpdtRate varchar(10);

declare @StkUpdtValueOut Varchar(10);

declare @Class1Cd varchar(16);

declare @Class2Cd varchar(16);

declare @SubClass1Cd varchar(16);

declare @SubClass2Cd varchar(16);

declare @Retail_Price varchar(10);--money

declare @ItemDesc varchar(60);

declare @PartyId varchar(16);

declare @TotDocValue varchar(20);

declare @TotDocDisc varchar(20);

declare @Code varchar(16);

declare @Nm varchar(30);

declare @check varchar(11);

--declare @mddate datetime;

--declare @epoc number(20);

BEGIN

select @TrnCtrlNo=i.TrnCtrlNo from inserted i;

select @DocNoPrefix=i.DocNoPrefix from inserted i;

print @TrnCtrlNo;

select @DocEntNetValue=i.DocEntNetValue from inserted i;

select @DocDt=i.DocDt from inserted i;

select @DocEntTotDisc=i.DocEntTotDisc from inserted i;

select @StockNo=i.StockNo from inserted i;

select @OrdDocNo=i.OrdDocNo from inserted i;

select @DocNo=i.DocNo from inserted i;

select @DiscRate=i.DiscRate from inserted i;

select @VACompCode=i.VACompCode from inserted i;

select @ItemMRPBillTm=i.ItemMRPBillTm from inserted i;

select @PhyQtyOut=i.PhyQtyOut from inserted i;

SELECT @StkUpdtRate=i.StkUpdtRate from inserted i;

select @StkUpdtValueOut=i.StkUpdtValueOut from inserted i;

select @Class1Cd=m.Class1Cd from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @Class2Cd=m.Class2Cd from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @SubClass1Cd=m.SubClass1Cd from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @SubClass2Cd=m.SubClass2Cd from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @Retail_Price=m.Retail_Price from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @ItemDesc=m.ItemDesc from ItemMaster m where m.StockNo=@StockNo;

select @PartyId=h.PartyId from stktrnhdr h where h.DocNo=@DocNo;

select @TotDocValue=h.TotDocValue from stktrnhdr h where h.DocNo=@DocNo;

select @TotDocDisc=h.TotDocDisc from stktrnhdr h where h.DocNo=@DocNo;

select @Nm=c.Nm from Customers c where c.Code=@PartyId;

print @NM;

update stktrndtls set unread='N' from inserted;

select @check=o.mobile from fbCustomer o where o.mobile=@PartyId;

if @check is null

--amount varchar(12), bill_number varchar(12),order_date varchar(12),

--order_time varchar(12),discount varchar(10),channel varchar(10),store_id varchar(10)

insert into fbcustomer(customerName,mobile,amount,bill_number,order_date,order_time,discount,channel,store_id,epoch)

values(@Nm,@PartyId,@TotDocValue,@TrnCtrlNo+@DocNo+@DocNoPrefix,getdate(),convert(varchar(10), GETDATE(), 108),@TotDocDisc,'Retail',@VACompCode,datediff(ss,'1970-01-01 00:00:00',getdate()));

else

update fbCustomer set customerName=@Nm,mobile=@PartyId,amount=@TotDocValue,bill_number=@TrnCtrlNo+@DocNo+@DocNoPrefix,order_date=getdate(),order_time=convert(varchar(10), GETDATE(), 108),discount=@TotDocDisc,channel='Retail',store_id=@VACompCode,epoch=datediff(ss,'1970-01-01 00:00:00',getdate())where mobile=@PartyId;

mobile varchar(10) not null,

[gTotal] [varchar](50) NULL,

[billNumber] [varchar](50) NULL,

[orderDate] [varchar](50) NULL,

[orderTime] [varchar](50) NULL,

[discount] [varchar](50) NULL,

[catID] [varchar](50) NULL,

[catName] [varchar](50) NULL,

[subCatID] [varchar](50) NULL,

[subCatName] [varchar](50) NULL,

[prodID] [varchar](50) NULL,

[prodName] [varchar](50) NULL,

[qty] [varchar](50) NULL,

[prodPrice] [varchar](50) NULL,

[storeID] [varchar](50) NULL,

[storeName] [varchar](50) NULL,*/

insert into fbOrders(mobile,gTotal,billNumber,orderDate,discount,catID,catName,subCatID,subCatName,prodID,

prodName,qty,prodPrice,storeID,modifiedDate,TrnCtrlNo,DocNo,DocNoPrefix,DiscRate,StkUpdtRate,StkUpdtValueOut)

values(@PartyId,@DocEntNetValue,@TrnCtrlNo+@DocNo+@DocNoPrefix,@DocDt,@DocEntTotDisc,@Class1Cd,

@Class2Cd,@SubClass1Cd,@SubClass2Cd,@StockNo,@ItemDesc,@PhyQtyOut,@Retail_Price,@VACompCode,getdate(),@TrnCtrlNo,@DocNo,@DocNoPrefix,@DiscRate,@StkUpdtRate,@StkUpdtValueOut);

/*insert into xtcust(customerName,mobile,gTotal,billNumber,orderDate,discount,catID,

catName,subCatID,subCatName,prodID,prodName,qty,prodPrice,storeID,modifiedDate,TrnCtrlNo,DocNo,DocNoPrefix,DiscRate,StkUpdtRate,StkUpdtValueOut)

values(@Nm,@PartyId,@DocEntNetValue,@TrnCtrlNo+@DocNo+@DocNoPrefix,@DocDt,@DocEntTotDisc,@Class1Cd,

@Class2Cd,@SubClass1Cd,@SubClass2Cd,@StockNo,@ItemDesc,@PhyQtyOut,@Retail_Price,@VACompCode,getdate(),@TrnCtrlNo,@DocNo,@DocNoPrefix,@DiscRate,@StkUpdtRate,@StkUpdtValueOut);*/

end ;

In this I convert current datetime to epoch format

select datediff(ss,'1970-01-01 00:00:00',getdate()) as epoch;

following query convert 20/11/2017 23:12:02.000 into EPOCH format

select DATEDIFF(s, '1970-01-01 00:00:00', '2017-11-20 23:12:02.000') as EpochTimeStamp

Converting a timestamp to epoch unix format

RETURN 
(CAST(ts AS DATE) - DATE '1970-01-01') * 86400
+ (EXTRACT(HOUR FROM ts) * 3600)
+ (EXTRACT(MINUTE FROM ts) * 60)
+ (EXTRACT(SECOND FROM ts))

How to install AWS CLI in CentOS (Linux) and setup programming environment

Introduction

AWS Command Line Interface(CLI) is a unified tool to manage your AWS Services. With the Help of this tool you can manage , configure and control multiple services.

AWS CLI Version

Currently two version of AWS CLI -

AWS CLI Version 1 - It's Older version , have less feature than version 2.

AWS CLI Version 2 - It's Latest version and supported all latest feature of AWS.

Step by Step Installing AWS CLI at Linux

Installing AWS CLI Version 1

Step 1 : First we update current system, to ensure all packages have latest version.

$ sudo yum -y update

Step 2 : You can install AWS CLI and its dependency by using pip. Check pip and python installation status.
If python3 is installed then it is recommended that use pip3 also.

Check python installation status

$ python --version

$ python3 --version

Check pip installation status

$ pip --version

$ pip3 --version

If PIP already installed then ignore Step 3

Step 3 : Install pip - If you have don't have python or python3 on your Linux box then follow this step by step guide. Now download pip script provided by python packaging authority.

Download pip script by using curl with -O option.

$ curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

For python

$ python get-pip.py --user

For python3

$ python3 get-pip.py --user

Now test pip install correctly

$ pip --version

pip 20.0.2 from /home/yogesh/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

$ pip3 --version

pip 20.0.2 from /home/yogesh/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

Step 4 : Install AWS CLI
Use pip or pip3 to install aws cli.

$ pip install --upgrade awscli --user

pip3 install --upgrade awscli --user

when you use --user switch, it install locally
Step 5 : Verify AWS CLI installation

aws --version

Installing AWS CLI Version 2

AWS CLI V2 is complete software package it not required any other package. you no need to install python.

Prerequisite

Required unzip package to extract the downloaded file.

Step 1 : Download file using curl, use -o(smallcase letter o) option to rename downloaded file from awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip to awscliv2.zip

$curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"

Step 2 : Unzip awscliv2.zip using unzip command

$ unzip awscliv2.zip

Step 3: Install

$ sudo ./aws/install

optional switch

--install-dir - specific location other than default location which under current user.
--bin-dir - specific bin directory
--update - if you want update from version 1 to version 2

Update From AWS CLI version 1 to AWS CLI Version 2

Step 1 : Find bin directory of AWS CLI Version 1 result give --bin-dir parameter value

$ which aws 
 ~/.local/bin/aws

Step 2 : Find installation directory of AWS CLI Version 1. result give --install-dir parameter value. Most cases bin directory and installation directory in version 1 same

$ ls ~/.local/bin/aws 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 oracle oinstall 43 Apr 11 20:51 /home/oracle/.local/bin/aws

Step 3 : use following command to upgrade from version 1 to version 2

sudo ./aws/install --bin-dir /usr/local/bin --install-dir /usr/local/aws-cli --update

Configure AWS CLI

1. Configure Credential - Use aws configure command to set aws access key id, aws secret access key, default region name and default output format.

[oracle@devBase aws]$ aws configure

AWS Access Key ID [****************ksdk]:

AWS Secret Access Key [****************klfk]:

Default region name [ap-south-1]:

Default output format [None]:

These information store under .aws directory of current user. This .aws directory have two file config and credentials. config file store region and output format while credentials store aws access key id and aws secret access key.

[oracle@devBase aws]$ ls ~/.aws/

config  credentials

[oracle@devBase aws]$ cat ~/.aws/config

[default]

region = ap-south-1


[oracle@devBase aws]$ cat ~/.aws/credentials

[default]

aws_access_key_id = jsdaflksdk

aws_secret_access_key = kfsldafklfk

Here [default] indicate that this is default profile.

How to update region, output format, aws access key id, aws secret access key

Use set option to set these value

[oracle@devBase aws]$ aws configure set region ap-south-2 --profile default
[oracle@devBase aws]$ aws configure get region --profile default
ap-south-2

Edit credential or config file

[oracle@devBase aws]$ vim ~/.aws/config

How to add multiple profile

1. Using aws cli - use --profile switch to add different profile.

[oracle@devBase aws]$ aws configure --profile test
AWS Access Key ID [None]: asdfkasdkjf
AWS Secret Access Key [None]: akdfldsjakf
Default region name [None]: us-west-1 
Default output format [None]: table

you can check the result

[oracle@devBase aws]$ cat ~/.aws/credentials 
[default]
aws_access_key_id = jsdaflksdk
aws_secret_access_key = kfsldafklfk
[test]
aws_access_key_id = asdfkasdkjf
aws_secret_access_key = akdfldsjakf
[oracle@devBase aws]$ cat ~/.aws/config
[default]
region = ap-south-2
[profile test]
region = us-west-1
output = table

2. Edit config and credential file to add different profile.

$ vim ~/.aws/config

[default]
region = ap-south-2
[profile test]
region = us-west-1
output = table
[profile test2]
region = us-west-2
output = json

To use a named profile for multiple commands, you can avoid specifying the profile in every command by setting the AWS_PROFILE environment variable at the command line.

$ export AWS_PROFILE=test

Enable Command Completion

To enable command complettion, run the command for the shell that you're using. You can add the command to your shell's RC file to run it each time you open a new shell. In each command, replace the path /usr/local/aws/bin with the one found on your system in the previous section.

[oracle@devBase aws]$ complete -C '~/.local/bin/aws_completer' aws

note : replace above red marked path to your system aws_completer location.

Reference :

https://pip.pypa.io//en/latest/installing/#do-i-need-to-install-pip
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-python-3-and-set-up-a-local-programming-environment-on-centos-7

error
https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4186
https://github.com/jasperproject/jasper-client/issues/17
https://github.com/ethereum/viper/issues/276
https://github.com/retspen/webvirtcloud/issues/137
https://github.com/aws/aws-cli/issues/2654
https://github.com/aws/aws-cli/issues/1522
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31512422/pip-install-r-oserror-errno-13-permission-denied/31512489

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